Home Team RPIs Conference RPIs n-Rating All Selection Data Archive Schedules Notes on My Calculations Women's RPI Links

NCAA Women's Basketball n-Rating

Games through 27 January 2002


Mean home advantage: 5.7084  SD: 18.4980


N1 = raw expected winning margin
N2 = expected winning margin, adjusted once for opponents' strength


rank team                   n-Rating    N2        N1     W   L conference 


1.   Connecticut            33.365    28.054    21.551   22  0  BigEast
2.   Tennessee              28.181    21.623    13.440   17  1  SEC
3.   LouisianaTech          23.430    18.498    15.075   14  3  WAC
4.   Duke                   23.086    18.444    14.506   17  3  ACC
5.   Oklahoma               22.075    16.439    10.839   16  2  BigTwelve
6.   Vanderbilt             21.099    15.897    11.787   19  4  SEC
7.   OldDominion            20.955    16.520    12.510   13  5  Colonial
8.   Purdue                 20.214    14.506    10.116   16  3  BigTen
9.   Stanford               20.106    15.048    12.157   20  1  PacTen
10.  Colorado               18.588    13.476     9.493   15  6  BigTwelve
11.  Cincinnati             17.947    15.111    13.341   15  4  CUSA
12.  TexasTech              17.848    12.365     7.533   12  6  BigTwelve
13.  LSU                    17.504    12.184     7.795   11  7  SEC
14.  IowaState              16.764    12.275     8.924   15  5  BigTwelve
15.  Wisconsin              16.565    10.757     7.397   16  4  BigTen
16.  UCSantaBarbara         16.502    12.013     8.824   11  5  BigWest
17.  Baylor                 16.240    12.293    11.480   16  3  BigTwelve
18.  SouthCarolina          16.141    12.139     8.630   17  3  SEC
19.  VirginiaTech           16.095    12.130     9.136   14  4  BigEast
20.  Georgia                16.059    12.221     9.091   14  5  SEC
21.  KansasState            15.572    11.914     8.608   19  2  BigTwelve
22.  UNLV                   15.165    12.591    11.462   16  3  MWC
23.  NotreDame              15.147    10.378     5.803   11  7  BigEast
24.  BostonCollege          14.939    10.622     8.328   15  4  BigEast
25.  Florida                14.732    10.179     6.015   15  5  SEC
26.  Illinois               14.723     9.646     7.275   13  6  BigTen
27.  Michigan               14.551     9.493     5.781   12  8  BigTen
28.  Syracuse               14.533    10.459     7.321   12  6  BigEast
29.  Texas                  14.424     9.890     5.166   14  4  BigTwelve
30.  Minnesota              14.235     9.357     6.314   15  4  BigTen
31.  PennState              13.747     8.621     5.519   13  8  BigTen
32.  SantaClara             13.747    10.595     7.226   14  5  WCC
33.  TCU                    13.720    10.387     7.158   15  4  CUSA
34.  NorthCarolina          13.395     9.384     7.054   15  6  ACC
35.  ColoradoState          13.250     9.764     8.039   16  3  MWC
36.  Auburn                 13.241     9.917     6.851   14  6  SEC
37.  MississippiState       13.205     9.258     6.914   14  6  SEC
38.  USC                    13.151     8.450     7.095   11  9  PacTen
39.  Southern               13.043    13.476    11.832   13  3  SWAC
40.  HolyCross              12.871    10.170     8.644   13  6  Patriot
41.  FloridaInternational   12.699     8.883     5.948   16  5  SunBelt
42.  Iowa                   12.582     8.843     5.717   13  6  BigTen
43.  Utah                   12.383     8.955     7.840    8  8  MWC
44.  Bradley                12.239    10.378    10.279   13  5  MVC
45.  Creighton              12.094     9.683     9.321   12  5  MVC
46.  Arkansas               12.067     8.608     6.128   11  8  SEC
47.  Alabama                12.040     8.201     5.839   13  7  SEC
48.  St.Josephs             11.652     8.766     7.799   15  4  ATen
49.  NewMexico              11.534     8.323     5.532   15  5  MWC
50.  SouthAlabama           11.101    10.035    11.028   14  5  SunBelt
51.  Indiana                11.037     5.794     2.529    9 11  BigTen
52.  Washington             11.028     6.413     5.731   11  8  PacTen
53.  WisconsinGreenBay      10.956     8.924     7.917   14  5  Horizon
54.  Mississippi            10.857     7.768     4.229    9 11  SEC
55.  FloridaState           10.839     7.154     5.433   11  9  ACC
56.  WesternKentucky        10.812     6.761     3.403   13  6  SunBelt
57.  Drake                  10.775     7.059     5.406   12  5  MVC
58.  NorthTexas             10.559     6.874     4.995   12  6  SunBelt
59.  Clemson                10.550     6.336     3.480   12  8  ACC
60.  Chattanooga            10.450     8.314     9.222   13  6  Southern
61.  GeorgiaTech            10.288     6.562     4.634   12  6  ACC
62.  NorthCarolinaState     10.125     5.203     1.549    9  9  ACC
63.  MichiganState          10.062     5.550     4.033   13  7  BigTen
64.  Temple                  9.999     6.061     3.667   11  8  ATen
65.  BYU                     9.809     6.684     6.883   12  6  MWC
66.  ArizonaState            9.791     6.345     5.781   16  6  PacTen
67.  St.Peters               9.664     7.840     7.619   15  4  MAAC
68.  TennesseeTech           9.565     6.995     5.848   13  5  OVC
69.  EasternKentucky         9.502     7.474     6.928   14  4  OVC
70.  WisconsinMilwaukee      9.439     7.023     6.797   13  6  Horizon
71.  Missouri                9.375     5.848     3.184   12  6  BigTwelve
72.  Delaware                9.357     8.003     8.797   13  4  Colonial
73.  NorthernIowa            9.226     6.255     4.369   11  9  MVC
74.  Denver                  9.154     6.657     5.487   10 11  SunBelt
75.  MiddleTennessee         9.150     6.061     4.679   11  9  SunBelt
76.  Rice                    9.109     5.722     4.981   13  5  WAC
77.  Pepperdine              9.032     5.799     3.468   15  4  WCC
78.  Houston                 8.996     6.905     6.887   14  5  CUSA
79.  BallState               8.888     6.977     8.554   12  4  MAC
80.  UNCGreensboro           8.883     7.068     5.008   13  5  Southern
81.  Montana                 8.865     6.706     7.614   12  5  BigSky
82.  Evansville              8.824     5.446     2.922   10  9  MVC
83.  DePaul                  8.806     4.661     2.748   13  7  CUSA
84.  Siena                   8.748     7.149     7.167   15  3  MAAC
85.  OklahomaState           8.666     4.801     2.870   11  9  BigTwelve
86.  Pacific                 8.612     6.472     5.370   10  7  BigWest
87.  OregonState             8.558     4.164     1.382   11 10  PacTen
88.  St.Marys                8.495     5.130     4.155   10  8  WCC
89.  Nebraska                8.404     5.623     3.064   12  8  BigTwelve
90.  Valparaiso              8.395     6.521     5.474   12  5  MidCon
91.  GeorgeWashington        8.373     4.387     3.225   13  6  ATen
92.  Villanova               8.355     5.162     3.967   11  7  BigEast
93.  Vermont                 8.174     5.401     3.805   10  7  AmEast
94.  Louisville              8.161     4.900     2.854   13  7  CUSA
95.  Virginia                8.143     4.265     0.659   11  9  ACC
96.  NorthernArizona         8.111     6.106     5.081    9  9  BigSky
97.  MiamiFla.               8.007     4.175     3.094   13  6  BigEast
98.  Oregon                  7.899     3.995     2.665   12  8  PacTen
99.  SanDiego                7.835     5.365     6.083   11  8  WCC
100. Belmont                 7.826     7.939    10.477   13  3  AtlSun
101. Maryland                7.741     4.211     2.222   10  9  ACC
102. WestVirginia            7.564     5.708     5.338   11  7  BigEast
103. RhodeIsland             7.537     5.013     5.257   10  8  ATen
104. Toledo                  7.415     5.537     4.046   10  7  MAC
105. Tulane                  7.312     4.719     4.166   14  7  CUSA
106. Maine                   7.248     5.203     3.295   11  7  AmEast
107. Marquette               7.081     3.112     1.357   12  7  CUSA
108. LongBeachState          6.883     5.004     5.889    9  9  BigWest
109. Wofford                 6.855     5.618     5.275    9  8  Southern
110. Binghamton              6.846     6.454     7.677   14  4  AmEast
111. Hawaii                  6.846     3.715     3.098   13  4  WAC
112. Portland                6.792     4.254     2.466    9 10  WCC
113. Gonzaga                 6.720     4.482     5.510    7 10  WCC
114. UNCWilmington           6.711     5.519     6.101   10  8  Colonial
115. Wyoming                 6.603     3.775     1.989    8  8  MWC
116. SWMissouriState         6.589     3.647     2.143   10  7  MVC
117. NewHampshire            6.557     5.194     5.022   10  8  AmEast
118. Rutgers                 6.521     2.534    -0.731    6 12  BigEast
119. Duquesne                6.517     3.152     3.003    9 10  ATen
120. Harvard                 6.327     4.661     3.857   10  5  Ivy
121. Furman                  6.300     4.564     3.319   11  8  Southern
122. Kentucky                6.259     1.962    -1.054    8 12  SEC
123. MontanaState            6.178     3.552     4.324   10  8  BigSky
124. SetonHall               6.151     2.525     1.522   10  9  BigEast
125. Massachusetts           5.988     3.204     1.535    5 13  ATen
126. LoyolaMarymount         5.952     3.145     1.143   11  8  WCC
127. OhioState               5.943     1.779     0.239   10 10  BigTen
128. Arizona                 5.862     1.718    -0.719   10 10  PacTen
129. KentState               5.799     3.647     2.287   10  9  MAC
130. SanFrancisco            5.794     3.064     0.754   11  8  WCC
131. Liberty                 5.614     4.564     5.334   12  7  BigSouth
132. NorthwesternState       5.279     5.645     8.359   12  4  Southland
133. Providence              5.212     2.014    -0.803    8 11  BigEast
134. AustinPeay              5.049     3.818     4.647   12  7  OVC
135. GeorgiaState            5.026     4.525     4.040   10  6  AtlSun
136. Charlotte               4.914     2.768     1.682   10  9  CUSA
137. StephenF.Austin         4.895     4.638     5.505   12  5  Southland
138. Tulsa                   4.774     2.190     2.685   11  8  WAC
139. Memphis                 4.751     1.630     0.727    9 10  CUSA
140. TexasA&MCorpusChristi   4.737     3.983     3.204   10 10  Independent
141. Georgetown              4.728     1.840     1.836   11  8  BigEast
142. AlabamaState            4.688     4.918     6.770   10  6  SWAC
143. MiamiOhio               4.665     2.263     2.037   11  8  MAC
144. BostonUniversity        4.527     3.371     2.687   11  7  AmEast
145. Richmond                4.419     1.337    -0.699    9 12  ATen
146. EasternMichigan         4.351     2.960     2.482   10  7  MAC
147. Drexel                  3.870     2.518     2.267   10  8  Colonial
148. JamesMadison            3.726     1.594     0.743   12  5  Colonial
149. Hartford                3.712     2.226     1.615    7 11  AmEast
150. WesternIllinois         3.624     2.464     3.380    7  9  MidCon
151. SanJoseState            3.588     1.285     2.048   11  7  WAC
152. WeberState              3.529     1.493     2.827   13  7  BigSky
153. Manhattan               3.514     2.739     2.585   11  8  MAAC
154. TexasA&M                3.498     0.982     1.504   10  9  BigTwelve
155. SEMissouriState         3.362     2.062     3.355    9  7  OVC
156. St.Bonaventure          3.236     0.869    -0.062   12  7  ATen
157. WesternMichigan         3.231     1.077     1.612    9 10  MAC
158. Marist                  3.152     1.908     1.350    9 10  MAAC
159. Monmouth                3.094     2.766     4.146   10  8  Northeast
160. Mercer                  3.091     2.942     5.311    8  8  AtlSun
161. SouthFlorida            2.879     0.960     1.174   11  8  CUSA
162. ArkansasState           2.820    -0.392    -3.368    7 13  SunBelt
163. CollegeofCharleston     2.816     2.380     2.378    9  7  Southern
164. WichitaState            2.714    -0.279    -1.704    8 10  MVC
165. Fairfield               2.590     0.847    -0.597    9 10  MAAC
166. GeorgiaSouthern         2.547     1.375    -0.017    7 10  Southern
167. Xavier                  2.513    -0.719    -2.627    7 12  ATen
168. Bucknell                2.479     1.585     2.845   11  7  Patriot
169. VirginiaCommonwealth    2.235     0.355    -1.024    9 10  Colonial
170. JacksonState            2.021     2.558     4.103    7  8  SWAC
171. Dayton                  1.976    -1.528    -2.925    7 11  ATen
172. CalPoly                 1.958     0.059     0.205    6 11  BigWest
173. NorthernIllinois        1.940     0.183    -0.435    9  8  MAC
174. NewMexicoState          1.861     0.169     0.104    9 11  SunBelt
175. Pittsburgh              1.791    -1.663    -4.407    6 13  BigEast
176. Rider                   1.612     0.456     0.014    5 14  MAAC
177. American                1.490     0.711     1.280    7 11  Patriot
178. SanDiegoState           1.296    -0.349     0.269    9  8  MWC
179. St.FrancisPa.           1.267     0.598     2.802   11  7  Northeast
180. StonyBrook              1.192    -0.480    -0.841   10  6  AmEast
181. MoreheadState           1.179     0.339     1.883   10  4  OVC
182. UCIrvine                1.176    -0.342    -0.561    6 13  BigWest
183. Princeton               1.045     0.309     1.657    8  7  Ivy
184. Hampton                 1.034     0.716     1.820    9  9  MEAC
185. Davidson                1.009    -0.209    -1.180    6 11  Southern
186. GeorgeMason             0.903    -1.334    -2.776   10 10  Colonial
187. UCRiverside             0.881    -0.344     1.533    9  7  BigWest
188. Detroit                 0.845    -0.803    -0.573    8  9  Horizon
189. Howard                  0.806     1.278     1.016    9  8  MEAC
190. FresnoState             0.743    -1.498    -0.363    8 11  WAC
191. Yale                    0.682     0.635     2.389    9  8  Ivy
192. Oakland                 0.644    -1.618    -2.354    8 10  MidCon
193. Wagner                  0.639     0.506     1.644    8 10  Northeast
194. Cornell                 0.578     0.899     1.694    9  8  Ivy
195. TennesseeMartin         0.531    -1.225    -2.840    3 15  OVC
196. Elon                    0.515     0.479     2.163    8  9  BigSouth
197. LoyolaIll.              0.454    -0.853     1.335   12  7  Horizon
198. MurrayState             0.409    -1.534    -0.929    5 10  OVC
199. EastCarolina            0.343    -1.722    -3.662    3 15  CUSA
200. WakeForest              0.339    -2.451    -3.714    9 10  ACC
201. Canisius                0.287    -0.972    -3.032    8 11  MAAC
202. IndianaState            0.233    -2.000    -2.072    7 11  MVC
203. Northwestern            0.172    -3.519    -7.274    4 16  BigTen
204. UAB                    -0.031    -2.020    -2.505    8 12  CUSA
205. IllinoisChicago        -0.067    -1.103     0.160   10  9  Horizon
206. WesternCarolina        -0.089    -0.681    -0.399   11  6  Southern
207. SMU                    -0.098    -3.007    -5.310    6 13  WAC
208. Fordham                -0.119    -2.815    -4.073    3 16  ATen
209. SaintLouis             -0.177    -1.905    -1.367   10  9  CUSA
210. William&Mary           -0.184    -1.991    -0.238    7 10  Colonial
211. Ohio                   -0.259    -1.200     0.851    8 10  MAC
212. Stetson                -0.349    -0.220     1.003    7  9  AtlSun
213. PortlandState          -0.410    -2.128    -1.812    8 11  BigSky
214. Dartmouth              -0.419    -2.122    -2.079    5 11  Ivy
215. Lipscomb               -0.482    -1.385    -0.647    5 12  Independent
216. LouisianaLafayette     -0.726    -2.192    -3.090    6 14  SunBelt
217. SacredHeart            -0.783    -0.652     1.109   10  8  Northeast
218. Buffalo                -0.893    -2.140    -1.139    9 10  MAC
219. LoyolaMd.              -0.972    -2.054    -1.187    8 10  MAAC
220. OralRoberts            -1.139    -3.149    -3.973    8  9  MidCon
221. AppalachianState       -1.239    -1.973    -1.934    6 13  Southern
222. CentralFlorida         -1.264    -1.894    -1.302   10  9  AtlSun
223. Grambling              -1.302    -0.884     0.084    8  7  SWAC
224. Navy                   -1.385    -1.135     1.849   10  9  Patriot
225. EastTennesseeState     -1.404    -2.108    -1.934    8 11  Southern
226. Colgate                -1.453    -1.367    -1.205    8 11  Patriot
227. Hofstra                -1.521    -2.763    -2.815    6 12  Colonial
228. Campbell               -1.593    -1.379    -0.290    9  8  AtlSun
229. IUPUI                  -1.704    -3.038    -2.666    6 11  MidCon
230. NorfolkState           -1.713     5.0E-     3.789    8  5  MEAC
231. Pennsylvania           -1.717    -3.364    -3.282    5 10  Ivy
232. MarylandBaltimoreCo    -1.781    -1.604    -1.157    7 11  Northeast
233. California             -1.927    -4.359    -4.953    6 13  PacTen
234. BethuneCookman         -1.982    -0.505     2.705    6  9  MEAC
235. SouthernMississippi    -2.034    -3.528    -3.113    8 11  CUSA
236. BirminghamSouthern     -2.104    -1.548     2.305   10  7  BigSouth
237. IdahoState             -2.174    -3.065    -1.726    7 10  BigSky
238. SouthernUtah           -2.216    -3.054    -2.320    5 11  MidCon
239. Quinnipiac             -2.262    -2.178    -1.604    8 11  Northeast
240. YoungstownState        -2.277    -3.000    -1.336    7 11  Horizon
241. ChicagoState           -2.307    -3.413    -3.700    6 11  MidCon
242. Kansas                 -2.320    -4.655    -7.365    4 16  BigTwelve
243. Lehigh                 -2.411    -2.433    -3.336    8 11  Patriot
244. IllinoisState          -2.422    -5.012    -6.561    5 13  MVC
245. TexasArlington         -2.492    -1.916    -0.934    9  9  Southland
246. Mt.St.Marys            -2.539    -2.560    -1.279    7 11  Northeast
247. FairleighDickinson     -2.596    -2.164     0.881   11  7  Northeast
248. AlcornState            -2.666    -1.110    -0.385    8  6  SWAC
249. TexasSouthern          -2.724    -2.128    -1.571    4 10  SWAC
250. SouthCarolinaState     -2.729    -1.245    -0.726    8  8  MEAC
251. Columbia               -2.910    -2.085    -1.548    7  8  Ivy
252. CentralMichigan        -2.975    -3.924    -3.368    7 10  MAC
253. HighPoint              -3.052    -3.867    -3.700    7 11  BigSouth
254. UMKC                   -3.147    -3.937    -2.905    6 13  MidCon
255. UCLA                   -3.169    -6.696    -9.420    5 14  PacTen
256. Army                   -3.221    -3.630    -1.645    7 11  Patriot
257. FloridaAtlantic        -3.251    -4.136    -4.301    8  9  AtlSun
258. Albany                 -3.382    -3.479    -2.849    4 12  AmEast
259. ArkansasLittleRock     -3.488    -5.170    -5.626    5 14  SunBelt
260. LongIsland             -3.524    -3.144    -1.801    9  9  Northeast
261. Northeastern           -3.535    -4.827    -6.823    4 15  AmEast
262. CharlestonSouthern     -3.544    -3.908    -3.097    6  8  BigSouth
263. Nevada                 -3.756    -6.362    -7.460    6 12  WAC
264. Idaho                  -3.826    -5.184    -4.070    7 12  BigWest
265. BoiseState             -4.100    -6.145    -6.439    6 13  WAC
266. Marshall               -4.170    -4.474    -3.720    4 13  MAC
267. BowlingGreen           -4.176    -4.764    -4.330    5 13  MAC
268. TexasSanAntonio        -4.179    -4.251    -3.291    8  9  Southland
269. Niagara                -4.213    -5.274    -5.536    3 16  MAAC
270. SWTexasState           -4.242    -4.179    -1.776    9  9  Southland
271. Iona                   -4.334    -5.238    -4.890    5 13  MAAC
272. CoppinState            -4.346    -3.560    -3.318    8 10  MEAC
273. NichollsState          -4.642    -3.720    -2.336    6 10  Southland
274. Brown                  -5.147    -5.996    -5.594    4 12  Ivy
275. EasternWashington      -5.242    -6.385    -6.877    5 12  BigSky
276. LaSalle                -5.287    -7.446    -7.464    4 15  ATen
277. NewOrleans             -5.310    -6.191    -6.005    7 12  SunBelt
278. TroyState              -5.310    -5.450    -5.206    5 11  AtlSun
279. CoastalCarolina        -5.509    -5.558    -4.341    4 12  BigSouth
280. ClevelandState         -6.434    -7.902    -6.764    6 11  Horizon
281. AirForce               -6.714    -8.074    -8.494    4 14  MWC
282. JacksonvilleState      -6.904    -6.958    -7.907    3 14  AtlSun
283. AlabamaA&M             -6.949    -5.333    -3.560    5  8  SWAC
284. LouisianaMonroe        -6.954    -6.443    -4.118    5 12  Southland
285. CalStateNorthridge     -7.017    -9.682   -10.368    1 16  BigWest
286. MarylandEasternShore   -7.423    -5.698    -3.219    8 10  MEAC
287. Radford                -7.640    -7.902    -5.807    6 11  BigSouth
288. Butler                 -7.690    -9.131   -10.169    1 19  Horizon
289. SELouisiana            -7.929    -7.514    -5.238    5 12  Southland
290. SouthernIllinois       -8.038    -9.645    -8.995    4 14  MVC
291. Lafayette              -8.074    -7.798    -8.485    3 16  Patriot
292. WashingtonState        -8.133   -11.054   -13.520    2 18  PacTen
293. St.Johns               -8.178    -9.844   -10.856    3 16  BigEast
294. FloridaA&M             -8.458    -6.692    -3.054    7 11  MEAC
295. TennesseeState         -8.742    -9.781   -11.642    2 14  OVC
296. Winthrop               -8.995    -8.367    -7.514    3 13  BigSouth
297. DelawareState          -9.257    -7.690    -6.900    5 11  MEAC
298. WrightState            -9.275    -9.591    -9.889    4 14  Horizon
299. EasternIllinois        -9.609   -10.621   -11.714    2 15  OVC
300. McNeeseState          -10.178    -9.582    -8.146    5 14  Southland
301. Centenary             -10.332    -9.682    -9.347    2 14  Independent
302. TexasElPaso           -10.594   -12.436   -11.461    3 13  WAC
303. ArkansasPineBluff     -11.452   -10.856    -8.652    4 11  SWAC
304. Lamar                 -12.328   -11.741    -8.945    5 13  Southland
305. CalStateFullerton     -12.789   -14.089   -12.707    3 15  BigWest
306. Towson                -13.023   -13.854   -14.541    1 17  Colonial
307. St.FrancisN.Y.        -13.060   -12.373   -11.054    3 15  Northeast
308. Jacksonville          -13.484   -13.078   -12.942    1 15  AtlSun
309. SamHoustonState       -13.547   -13.051   -13.150    1 17  Southland
310. Akron                 -13.583   -14.008   -13.692    1 18  MAC
311. MississippiValley     -14.261   -12.861    -8.945    1 12  SWAC
312. CentralConnecticut    -14.279   -13.854   -12.906    3 15  Northeast
313. TexasPanAmerican      -14.938   -15.932   -13.900    1 16  Independent
314. Samford               -15.020   -14.360   -14.071    1 15  AtlSun
315. MorganState           -15.860   -14.893   -13.719    1 17  MEAC
316. RobertMorris          -16.618   -16.140   -14.098    1 15  Northeast
317. UNCAsheville          -17.494   -17.585   -16.790    1 17  BigSouth
318. NorthCarolinaA&T      -17.585   -15.137   -13.141    0 13  MEAC
319. PrairieViewA&M        -18.768   -18.118   -17.169    2 11  SWAC
320. CalStateSacramento    -19.906   -20.737   -22.923    0 18  BigSky
321. MorrisBrown           -23.555   -21.496   -20.448    1 14  Independent

Sun Jan 27 22:35:59 PST 2002

Calculations by Curtis Schmelling, made possible by MacPerl and Java!

(C) Copyright 1997-2002, Curtis Schmelling

You are free to copy this document in whole or part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the author. All Rights Reserved