Home Team RPIs Conference RPIs n-Rating All Selection Data Archive Schedules Notes on My Calculations Women's RPI Links

NCAA Women's Basketball n-Rating

Games through 3 March 2002


Mean home advantage: 5.2648  SD: 17.7994


N1 = raw expected winning margin
N2 = expected winning margin, adjusted once for opponents' strength


rank team                   n-Rating    N2        N1     W   L conference 


1.   Connecticut            31.844    28.125    22.701   31  0  BigEast
2.   OldDominion            21.102    18.477    15.783   22  5  Colonial
3.   LouisianaTech          19.920    17.869    15.983   22  4  WAC
4.   Tennessee              19.694    15.835     9.795   25  4  SEC
5.   Oklahoma               19.225    15.827    11.446   24  3  BigTwelve
6.   Duke                   18.512    16.531    13.819   26  3  ACC
7.   Vanderbilt             18.130    14.749    10.447   27  6  SEC
8.   Colorado               17.295    13.749    10.490   21  8  BigTwelve
9.   Stanford               17.052    14.792    13.332   30  1  PacTen
10.  UCSantaBarbara         16.287    14.262    12.098   22  5  BigWest
11.  Purdue                 15.705    12.811     8.969   23  5  BigTen
12.  Cincinnati             15.322    13.071    11.863   25  4  CUSA
13.  TexasTech              14.966    11.733     7.679   17 10  BigTwelve
14.  IowaState              14.236    11.029     8.613   21  7  BigTwelve
15.  Baylor                 14.227    11.394     9.074   24  4  BigTwelve
16.  TCU                    13.671    11.055     9.204   23  6  CUSA
17.  Texas                  13.584    10.455     7.148   19  8  BigTwelve
18.  BostonCollege          12.932     9.864     8.417   22  6  BigEast
19.  NotreDame              12.906     9.899     6.818   19  9  BigEast
20.  Southern               12.872    12.654    12.437   21  4  SWAC
21.  FloridaInternational   12.550    10.134     7.640   24  5  SunBelt
22.  KansasState            12.420     9.986     6.970   23  6  BigTwelve
23.  LSU                    12.029     8.769     4.706   17 11  SEC
24.  SouthCarolina          11.994     9.030     6.405   22  6  SEC
25.  HolyCross              11.942    10.577    10.125   23  6  Patriot
26.  PennState              11.881     8.978     6.097   21 10  BigTen
27.  Arkansas               11.855     8.987     6.023   19 11  SEC
28.  Georgia                11.646     8.821     5.623   19 10  SEC
29.  ColoradoState          11.629     9.517     7.661   23  5  MWC
30.  NorthCarolina          11.429     9.465     7.044   24  7  ACC
31.  WisconsinGreenBay      11.429    10.360    10.699   24  6  Horizon
32.  UNLV                   11.325     9.986     8.313   21  6  MWC
33.  Chattanooga            11.029    10.003    10.038   23  7  Southern
34.  VirginiaTech           10.986     8.065     5.132   17 10  BigEast
35.  Iowa                   10.933     8.348     5.406   17 10  BigTen
36.  MississippiState       10.925     7.570     5.545   18 11  SEC
37.  NorthTexas             10.681     8.378     6.418   19  7  SunBelt
38.  NewMexico              10.438     8.383     5.901   21  7  MWC
39.  EasternKentucky        10.438     9.386     8.695   21  7  OVC
40.  Creighton              10.438     8.952     8.908   21  6  MVC
41.  Syracuse               10.212     7.301     4.963   18 11  BigEast
42.  St.Peters              10.151     9.221     8.174   25  5  MAAC
43.  Drake                  10.099     8.178     6.740   21  6  MVC
44.  Illinois               10.090     7.109     4.784   14 13  BigTen
45.  Minnesota              10.064     7.666     5.089   21  7  BigTen
46.  UNCGreensboro           9.856     8.926     7.231   21  9  Southern
47.  Florida                 9.708     6.683     3.227   18 10  SEC
48.  Utah                    9.673     8.096     6.310   14 11  MWC
49.  Temple                  9.630     7.088     5.897   19 10  ATen
50.  Michigan                9.569     6.953     4.602   17 12  BigTen
51.  Villanova               9.560     6.962     5.419   19  9  BigEast
52.  Wisconsin               9.560     6.844     4.037   19 11  BigTen
53.  SantaClara              9.517     8.261     5.858   21  9  WCC
54.  BallState               9.491     7.987     7.887   19  6  MAC
55.  Alabama                 9.473     6.214     3.648   17 11  SEC
56.  Vermont                 9.421     7.944     6.849   20  7  AmEast
57.  BYU                     9.369     7.700     6.875   19  8  MWC
58.  Washington              9.195     7.253     6.019   17 11  PacTen
59.  Indiana                 8.969     6.266     3.479   16 13  BigTen
60.  St.Josephs              8.952     7.366     7.005   23  6  ATen
61.  Montana                 8.882     7.626     8.452   16  9  BigSky
62.  Delaware                8.835     8.252     8.009   22  5  Colonial
63.  Denver                  8.791     7.140     6.036   16 12  SunBelt
64.  USC                     8.730     6.653     5.245   15 13  PacTen
65.  StephenF.Austin         8.709     8.452     8.934   22  5  Southland
66.  Valparaiso              8.635     7.696     6.614   21  5  MidCon
67.  OregonState             8.569     6.397     3.659   16 14  PacTen
68.  NorthernArizona         8.552     7.479     7.105   17 10  BigSky
69.  Auburn                  8.504     5.740     2.816   16 13  SEC
70.  WisconsinMilwaukee      8.426     7.175     7.366   20  8  Horizon
71.  WesternKentucky         8.365     6.010     2.968   16 12  SunBelt
72.  Tulane                  8.222     6.158     5.593   22  9  CUSA
73.  Clemson                 7.991     5.884     3.546   17 11  ACC
74.  Siena                   7.974     7.140     6.731   23  6  MAAC
75.  ArizonaState            7.905     6.188     5.410   23  8  PacTen
76.  Houston                 7.831     5.858     4.880   22  7  CUSA
77.  MichiganState           7.800     5.219     3.157   16 12  BigTen
78.  SouthAlabama            7.709     6.675     6.210   17 11  SunBelt
79.  St.Marys                7.700     6.201     4.924   16 12  WCC
80.  TennesseeTech           7.492     6.127     6.127   22  8  OVC
81.  MiddleTennessee         7.492     5.775     4.315   16 13  SunBelt
82.  Louisville              7.414     5.067     3.237   17 12  CUSA
83.  Bradley                 7.405     6.636     6.153   16 11  MVC
84.  Mississippi             7.348     4.689     1.499   11 17  SEC
85.  Pepperdine              7.101     5.641     3.700   23  7  WCC
86.  AlabamaState            6.962     6.801     7.470   20  6  SWAC
87.  Pacific                 6.909     5.819     5.454   17 10  BigWest
88.  KentState               6.901     5.423     4.780   17 10  MAC
89.  GeorgiaTech             6.875     5.358     3.894   15 13  ACC
90.  Harvard                 6.840     5.923     5.671   21  5  Ivy
91.  OklahomaState           6.744     4.126     0.708   15 14  BigTwelve
92.  NewHampshire            6.697     5.936     5.723   15 12  AmEast
93.  Rice                    6.653     5.341     4.915   20  7  WAC
94.  GeorgeWashington        6.597     4.576     3.787   20  8  ATen
95.  Oregon                  6.570     4.741     3.298   17 13  PacTen
96.  DePaul                  6.362     3.622     1.701   15 13  CUSA
97.  Toledo                  6.327     5.184     3.822   16 10  MAC
98.  MontanaState            6.305     5.015     4.850   16 10  BigSky
99.  Liberty                 6.219     5.758     7.414   23  7  BigSouth
100. Virginia                6.019     4.217     0.726   17 12  ACC
101. Wofford                 5.993     5.319     4.628   14 13  Southern
102. Massachusetts           5.919     4.459     3.333   12 18  ATen
103. Hawaii                  5.684     4.428     4.511   21  6  WAC
104. Charlotte               5.680     3.865     2.959   16 13  CUSA
105. NorthwesternState       5.654     5.771     7.640   21  6  Southland
106. NorthernIowa            5.632     4.259     2.510   14 15  MVC
107. Evansville              5.597     3.944     1.567   14 14  MVC
108. MiamiFla.               5.575     2.570     1.414   18 11  BigEast
109. LoyolaMarymount         5.480     4.089     2.066   15 13  WCC
110. Arizona                 5.406     3.492     0.813   14 14  PacTen
111. AustinPeay              5.397     4.693     4.111   19 11  OVC
112. Manhattan               5.384     4.811     4.100   18 11  MAAC
113. BostonUniversity        5.345     4.515     3.868   17 10  AmEast
114. Furman                  5.328     4.411     3.035   17 12  Southern
115. WestVirginia            5.315     3.185     1.953   14 14  BigEast
116. NorthCarolinaState      5.276     3.285     0.126   14 15  ACC
117. Howard                  5.276     5.384     5.402   18  9  MEAC
118. GeorgiaState            5.236     4.871     5.158   18  9  AtlSun
119. FloridaState            5.215     3.505     1.371   13 15  ACC
120. WesternIllinois         5.015     4.335     4.339   13 12  MidCon
121. Belmont                 4.976     4.915     6.340   18  8  AtlSun
122. EasternMichigan         4.963     4.204     2.983   17 10  MAC
123. LongBeachState          4.854     3.904     4.724   15 12  BigWest
124. SWMissouriState         4.845     3.235     1.832   16 11  MVC
125. SEMissouriState         4.750     4.089     4.089   13 12  OVC
126. WeberState              4.702     3.531     4.919   19  8  BigSky
127. Marquette               4.615     2.047    -0.384   13 15  CUSA
128. RhodeIsland             4.611     3.120     2.742   15 13  ATen
129. MiamiOhio               4.567     3.051     3.237   18 10  MAC
130. Wyoming                 4.511     2.994     1.391   12 14  MWC
131. SanFrancisco            4.450     3.179     1.169   18 11  WCC
132. Missouri                4.443     1.834    -0.731   14 13  BigTwelve
133. UNCWilmington           4.387     3.887     4.000   14 13  Colonial
134. Binghamton              4.346     3.833     4.343   19  8  AmEast
135. TexasA&MCorpusChristi   4.346     3.505     3.670   13 12  Independent
136. Duquesne                4.324     2.525     2.240   14 15  ATen
137. Nebraska                4.304     1.851    -0.790   14 15  BigTwelve
138. Tulsa                   4.298     3.025     3.198   16 12  WAC
139. Maine                   4.274     3.146     2.097   16 11  AmEast
140. OhioState               4.252     1.919     0.067   14 15  BigTen
141. Richmond                4.174     2.371     0.661   14 16  ATen
142. Bucknell                4.002     3.370     4.152   19  9  Patriot
143. NorthernIllinois        3.711     2.625     1.990   16 11  MAC
144. Hartford                3.648     2.957     2.258   13 14  AmEast
145. SetonHall               3.576     1.202    -0.179   15 14  BigEast
146. Maryland                3.479     1.658    -0.258   12 17  ACC
147. JacksonState            3.411     3.424     4.719   14 12  SWAC
148. Dayton                  3.400     1.367     0.150   11 17  ATen
149. WichitaState            3.346     1.810     0.391   13 14  MVC
150. Portland                3.324     2.264    -0.008   13 15  WCC
151. WesternMichigan         3.281     2.047     1.982   15 13  MAC
152. Memphis                 3.224     0.671    -0.403   11 17  CUSA
153. St.FrancisPa.           3.159     2.983     4.074   18 11  Northeast
154. GeorgiaSouthern         3.142     2.460     1.158   12 14  Southern
155. SanDiego                3.098     1.932     1.775   13 15  WCC
156. Kentucky                3.085    -0.212    -3.473    9 20  SEC
157. ArkansasState           3.072     1.228    -0.457   12 16  SunBelt
158. Cornell                 3.020     2.809     3.550   14 13  Ivy
159. Rutgers                 2.970     0.122    -2.780    9 20  BigEast
160. Providence              2.907     0.256    -2.004   13 15  BigEast
161. Grambling               2.840     2.809     3.492   16  9  SWAC
162. IndianaState            2.818     1.656     1.078   11 16  MVC
163. Mercer                  2.677     2.599     3.991   15 12  AtlSun
164. Oakland                 2.414     1.158     0.267   14 13  MidCon
165. Xavier                  2.379     0.611    -1.620   12 19  ATen
166. Gonzaga                 2.377     1.380     1.167    8 18  WCC
167. Hampton                 2.371     2.145     3.457   15 13  MEAC
168. Fairfield               2.362     1.482    -0.455   13 16  MAAC
169. St.Bonaventure          2.344     0.756    -0.946   13 15  ATen
170. MoreheadState           2.249     1.897     1.879   17  8  OVC
171. JamesMadison            2.229     1.286     0.304   15 11  Colonial
172. VirginiaCommonwealth    2.227     1.297     0.634   14 13  Colonial
173. SanJoseState            2.047     1.199     1.949   17 10  WAC
174. TexasA&M                1.845    -0.381    -1.283   13 15  BigTwelve
175. SouthFlorida            1.710    -0.168    -0.520   13 13  CUSA
176. Marist                  1.662     0.971     0.395   11 17  MAAC
177. AlcornState             1.601     1.834     2.231   13 11  SWAC
178. NorfolkState            1.473     2.077     4.022   16  8  MEAC
179. SacredHeart             1.336     1.445     2.835   18 11  Northeast
180. Georgetown              1.330    -0.738    -0.510   12 16  BigEast
181. Monmouth                1.325     1.212     2.720   16 12  Northeast
182. CollegeofCharleston     1.321     0.965     0.289   12 14  Southern
183. Yale                    1.269     0.884     1.538   14 13  Ivy
184. Detroit                 1.249     0.613     0.728   15 14  Horizon
185. SaintLouis              1.206    -0.581    -1.248   14 15  CUSA
186. GeorgeMason             1.195     0.120    -0.905   16 13  Colonial
187. CalPoly                 0.910     0.124     0.039   10 16  BigWest
188. Lipscomb                0.813     0.152     1.456    9 12  Independent
189. Canisius                0.800     0.056    -1.359   12 16  MAAC
190. OralRoberts             0.760    -0.384    -1.537   11 15  MidCon
191. Elon                    0.758     0.806     2.136   13 13  BigSouth
192. Dartmouth               0.713    -0.179    -0.321   11 15  Ivy
193. LongIsland              0.630     0.732     2.292   18 11  Northeast
194. Drexel                  0.524    -0.084    -0.125   13 14  Colonial
195. Davidson                0.517    -0.231    -1.348    9 18  Southern
196. Princeton               0.458     0.093     0.467   10 16  Ivy
197. BethuneCookman          0.452     0.921     3.370   12 12  MEAC
198. Pennsylvania            0.400    -0.305    -0.731   12 14  Ivy
199. UAB                     0.293    -1.496    -2.354   12 16  CUSA
200. Wagner                  0.241     0.341     0.728   14 15  Northeast
201. Ohio                    0.167    -0.688     0.808   13 15  MAC
202. SouthernUtah            0.146    -0.321    -0.334    8 17  MidCon
203. American                0.098    -0.114     0.332   12 15  Patriot
204. EastCarolina            0.093    -1.711    -3.265    5 21  CUSA
205. TexasArlington          0.046     0.096     0.604   13 14  Southland
206. CentralFlorida          0.028    -0.427     0.241   17 12  AtlSun
207. UCRiverside            -0.045    -0.625     0.141   14 12  BigWest
208. Pittsburgh             -0.082    -2.813    -4.318    8 19  BigEast
209. TennesseeMartin        -0.088    -0.946    -1.755    7 20  OVC
210. FloridaAtlantic        -0.097    -0.616    -0.816   14 13  AtlSun
211. StonyBrook             -0.214    -0.912    -1.718   14 13  AmEast
212. WakeForest             -0.362    -1.652    -2.921   12 16  ACC
213. Rider                  -0.375    -1.014    -0.909    7 21  MAAC
214. TexasSanAntonio        -0.418    -0.607     0.439   16 11  Southland
215. ChicagoState           -0.494    -1.211    -1.616   11 16  MidCon
216. IUPUI                  -0.529    -1.431    -1.748    9 17  MidCon
217. Lehigh                 -0.542    -0.705    -0.920   12 16  Patriot
218. Colgate                -0.633    -0.640    -1.077   13 17  Patriot
219. BirminghamSouthern     -0.638    -0.373     2.229   14 11  BigSouth
220. SouthCarolinaState     -0.668    -0.225     0.272   15 10  MEAC
221. NewMexicoState         -0.744    -1.926    -1.622   13 16  SunBelt
222. WesternCarolina        -0.766    -1.166    -1.642   15 11  Southern
223. Campbell               -0.777    -0.862    -0.001   13 14  AtlSun
224. Fordham                -0.820    -2.172    -3.747    6 23  ATen
225. Navy                   -0.864    -0.959     0.876   13 15  Patriot
226. Columbia               -0.957    -0.805    -0.670   11 14  Ivy
227. LoyolaMd.              -0.981    -1.479    -1.207   12 17  MAAC
228. Quinnipiac             -1.057    -1.053    -0.375   13 14  Northeast
229. HighPoint              -1.077    -1.481    -0.738   12 15  BigSouth
230. TroyState              -1.090    -1.222    -1.211   11 16  AtlSun
231. LoyolaIll.             -1.122    -1.709    -0.427   15 14  Horizon
232. William&Mary           -1.138    -1.928    -0.681   10 16  Colonial
233. SanDiegoState          -1.142    -2.163    -3.050   10 16  MWC
234. AppalachianState       -1.272    -1.850    -2.743   10 19  Southern
235. IdahoState             -1.279    -1.609    -0.925    9 16  BigSky
236. SMU                    -1.287    -2.641    -4.166   11 17  WAC
237. MurrayState            -1.294    -2.176    -2.717    7 17  OVC
238. UCIrvine               -1.342    -2.026    -1.800    8 19  BigWest
239. PortlandState          -1.463    -2.346    -1.733   11 17  BigSky
240. BowlingGreen           -1.603    -2.287    -2.493    8 19  MAC
241. CoppinState            -1.650    -1.435    -1.079   14 13  MEAC
242. Stetson                -1.674    -1.679    -1.090   12 14  AtlSun
243. MarylandBaltimoreCo    -1.674    -1.511    -0.638   12 15  Northeast
244. Marshall               -1.707    -2.309    -2.061    8 19  MAC
245. IllinoisChicago        -1.742    -2.226    -1.518   14 15  Horizon
246. Mt.St.Marys            -1.989    -1.937    -0.414   12 16  Northeast
247. EastTennesseeState     -2.180    -2.635    -2.776   10 18  Southern
248. Idaho                  -2.207    -2.815    -2.563   11 16  BigWest
249. YoungstownState        -2.259    -2.693    -1.857   11 16  Horizon
250. SWTexasState           -2.346    -2.433    -0.688   12 15  Southland
251. IllinoisState          -2.380    -3.723    -5.600    7 20  MVC
252. CentralMichigan        -2.472    -3.293    -3.895    8 18  MAC
253. Niagara                -2.491    -3.252    -3.475    9 19  MAAC
254. TexasSouthern          -2.526    -2.419    -1.546    9 16  SWAC
255. JacksonvilleState      -2.632    -2.863    -3.110    8 19  AtlSun
256. Northwestern           -2.643    -5.122    -8.356    4 24  BigTen
257. Hofstra                -2.758    -3.362    -3.345    9 18  Colonial
258. SouthernMississippi    -2.815    -4.592    -5.388   10 17  CUSA
259. FairleighDickinson     -2.952    -2.615    -0.853   14 14  Northeast
260. Buffalo                -3.139    -4.030    -4.405    9 19  MAC
261. UMKC                   -3.215    -3.832    -3.575    7 21  MidCon
262. CharlestonSouthern     -3.321    -3.517    -3.239    9 16  BigSouth
263. ClevelandState         -3.436    -3.982    -3.393   11 15  Horizon
264. FresnoState            -3.441    -4.279    -3.336    9 19  WAC
265. Army                   -3.536    -3.791    -2.776   10 18  Patriot
266. California             -3.586    -4.914    -5.170    7 21  PacTen
267. ArkansasLittleRock     -3.777    -4.940    -5.600    8 19  SunBelt
268. EasternWashington      -3.838    -4.488    -4.253    9 16  BigSky
269. NewOrleans             -3.858    -4.675    -5.083   11 18  SunBelt
270. UCLA                   -3.925    -5.535    -7.586    9 20  PacTen
271. Northeastern           -4.123    -4.905    -6.691    6 21  AmEast
272. LouisianaLafayette     -4.151    -5.266    -5.388    7 21  SunBelt
273. LaSalle                -4.188    -5.657    -6.304    6 22  ATen
274. Kansas                 -4.201    -6.283    -9.394    4 24  BigTwelve
275. Nevada                 -4.523    -5.605    -6.296    9 18  WAC
276. BoiseState             -4.553    -5.327    -5.235    9 19  WAC
277. AlabamaA&M             -4.640    -4.325    -2.976    9 15  SWAC
278. NichollsState          -4.718    -4.536    -3.258   11 15  Southland
279. FloridaA&M             -4.783    -4.219    -1.924   10 17  MEAC
280. Iona                   -4.801    -5.340    -5.561    8 21  MAAC
281. SELouisiana            -4.849    -5.001    -3.200    8 18  Southland
282. LouisianaMonroe        -5.009    -4.966    -4.036    9 18  Southland
283. Brown                  -5.448    -6.174    -6.222    5 21  Ivy
284. Radford                -5.492    -5.605    -3.712   11 15  BigSouth
285. MarylandEasternShore   -5.527    -5.014    -2.919   11 16  MEAC
286. Albany                 -5.657    -5.944    -6.443    4 23  AmEast
287. CoastalCarolina        -5.866    -5.870    -4.779    9 18  BigSouth
288. Winthrop               -5.952    -5.713    -4.438    8 18  BigSouth
289. AirForce               -7.512    -8.699    -9.420    4 23  MWC
290. McNeeseState           -7.691    -7.539    -6.587    6 21  Southland
291. EasternIllinois        -7.821    -8.499    -9.064    6 21  OVC
292. SouthernIllinois       -7.912    -8.694    -9.142    6 21  MVC
293. CalStateNorthridge     -7.930    -9.046    -9.551    2 24  BigWest
294. DelawareState          -8.099    -7.586    -6.769    7 18  MEAC
295. TennesseeState         -8.273    -8.873   -10.176    3 22  OVC
296. Lamar                  -8.899    -8.812    -7.139    8 19  Southland
297. Butler                 -9.055    -9.768   -10.376    3 26  Horizon
298. Lafayette              -9.316    -9.316   -10.098    3 25  Patriot
299. WrightState            -9.594    -9.907    -9.716    6 21  Horizon
300. Jacksonville          -10.176   -10.159    -9.950    3 23  AtlSun
301. Centenary             -10.220    -9.872    -9.768    3 19  Independent
302. St.Johns              -10.315   -12.158   -12.749    3 24  BigEast
303. St.FrancisN.Y.        -10.341   -10.072    -8.634    5 22  Northeast
304. RobertMorris          -10.846   -10.489    -9.916    3 22  Northeast
305. WashingtonState       -10.932   -12.323   -14.487    2 27  PacTen
306. MississippiValley     -11.124   -10.846    -8.907    2 22  SWAC
307. TexasElPaso           -11.124   -11.723   -12.297    3 24  WAC
308. Samford               -11.428   -11.419   -11.410    3 24  AtlSun
309. ArkansasPineBluff     -11.515   -11.445   -10.507    6 19  SWAC
310. SamHoustonState       -11.523   -11.506   -11.271    3 24  Southland
311. Akron                 -12.175   -12.705   -12.992    1 27  MAC
312. TexasPanAmerican      -12.280   -12.975   -11.515    2 20  Independent
313. CalStateFullerton     -12.393   -13.079   -12.175    4 23  BigWest
314. CentralConnecticut    -12.897   -12.558   -12.262    4 23  Northeast
315. PrairieViewA&M        -13.001   -12.923   -12.862    4 20  SWAC
316. NorthCarolinaA&T      -14.139   -13.453   -11.975    2 21  MEAC
317. MorganState           -14.617   -14.244   -13.809    1 26  MEAC
318. Towson                -14.704   -15.191   -15.130    2 25  Colonial
319. UNCAsheville          -15.930   -15.834   -15.678    1 26  BigSouth
320. MorrisBrown           -18.511   -18.094   -16.868    1 21  Independent
321. CalStateSacramento    -21.171   -21.675   -22.735    0 27  BigSky

Mon Mar 04 08:48:11 PST 2002

Calculations by Curtis Schmelling, made possible by MacPerl and Java!

(C) Copyright 1997-2002, Curtis Schmelling

You are free to copy this document in whole or part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the author. All Rights Reserved